Recitation by Shaykh Abdul Rahman al- Sudais:-
commentary from prof quraish shihab , ayat 90 to ayat 100,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDNH3Aop41M
ayat 111 to ayat 122,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVgjSaw1mvg
khiai muhammasd bhakiet oa asma al husna, ' al muhaimin :, the controller, the bestower of faith.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqmc7GTImu8
ayat 111 to ayat 122,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVgjSaw1mvg
khiai muhammasd bhakiet oa asma al husna, ' al muhaimin :, the controller, the bestower of faith.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqmc7GTImu8
Excerpt from Shaykh Muhammad al-Ghazali's " A Thermatic Commentary On The Qur'an "
Shaykh Muhammad Al-Ghazali
[ 1917 - 1996 ]
These hypocrites had their own supporters and special groups who used to meet privately.
As a phenomenon, they grew gradually from a series if different situations and developments, and for varying reasons. Although the Qur'an has referred to them on many occasions, the present surah has gone all the way in exposing them and condemning their aims and activities. This was dictated,, as already mentioned, by the decisive critical phase reached by Islam when the surah was revealed, The Muslims had just established their religious and political hegemony over the Arabian peninsula and were preparing to face the strongest superpower of the time., the Byzantine empire. If Prophet Muhammad were to waver at that moment, the very existence and the whole future of Islam would have been put in jeopardy. Indeed, the hypocrites and the non-Muslim Arab were looking forward with hope to the Muslim being routed by the Byzantine,and that would have been the end of Islam. However, the Qur'an was assuring Muhammad and the Muslim:
"He it is Who hath sent His messenger with the guidance and the Religion of Truth, that He may cause it to prevail over all religion, however much the idolaters may be averse. "(33)
As a phenomenon, they grew gradually from a series if different situations and developments, and for varying reasons. Although the Qur'an has referred to them on many occasions, the present surah has gone all the way in exposing them and condemning their aims and activities. This was dictated,, as already mentioned, by the decisive critical phase reached by Islam when the surah was revealed, The Muslims had just established their religious and political hegemony over the Arabian peninsula and were preparing to face the strongest superpower of the time., the Byzantine empire. If Prophet Muhammad were to waver at that moment, the very existence and the whole future of Islam would have been put in jeopardy. Indeed, the hypocrites and the non-Muslim Arab were looking forward with hope to the Muslim being routed by the Byzantine,and that would have been the end of Islam. However, the Qur'an was assuring Muhammad and the Muslim:
"He it is Who hath sent His messenger with the guidance and the Religion of Truth, that He may cause it to prevail over all religion, however much the idolaters may be averse. "(33)
Events were moving very fast, contrary to the expectations of the hypocrites whose activities reached a climax as the Muslims were preparing for battle.
And when a surah is revealed (which saith): Believe in Allah and strive along with His messenger, the men of wealth among them still ask leave of thee and say: Suffer us to be with those who sit (at home). (86) They are content that they should be with those who remain behind and their hearts are sealed, so that they apprehend not. (87) But the messenger and those who believe with him strive with their wealth and their lives. Such are they for whom are the good things. Such are they who are the successful. (88)
The phenomenon of the hypocrites first appeared after the Muslims emigrated to Madinah in 622 AC. It had by then become clear Islam was more than a system of beliefs, it was a political entity also, severely reducing the chance of any tribal or religious personalities in Arabia who were aspiring to political or religious leadership and power. Some had found it too much to abandon their paganistic and promiscuous way of life to which they had been accustomed. In the initial stage, Islam's approach in dealing with this problem was soft and tolerant. As he threat from the hypocrites, which is well documented in those suarahs revealed in Madinah, started to grow, it became apparent in this surah that the Qur'an was adopting a more unequivocal approach towards them, which culminated in a showdown portrayed in this suarh. Indeed, the Qur'an's remark about the hypocrites, in the aftermath of the Muslim's defeat at Uhud, were quite mild:
That which befell you, on the day when the two armies met, was by permission of Allah; that He might know the true believers; (166) And that He might know the hypocrites, unto whom it was said: Come, fight in the way of Allah, or defend yourselves. They answered: If we knew aught of fighting we would follow you. On that day they were nearer disbelief than faith. They utter with their mouths a thing which is not in their hearts. Allah is best Aware of what they hide. (al- Imran : 167)
But, the tone of the Qur'an was distinctly different regarding those who refused to join the fighting at Tabuk. God says admonishingly:
They swear by Allah that they said nothing (wrong), yet they did say the word of disbelief, and did disbelieve after their Surrender (to Allah). And they purposed that which they could not attain, and they sought revenge only that Allah by His messenger should enrich them of His bounty. If they repent it will be better for them; and if they turn away, Allah will afflict them with a painful doom in the world and the Hereafter, and they have no protecting friend nor helper in the earth. (74)
Some of the hypocrites pledged that when they became rich they would be kind to others and contribute to the war effort, but they went back on their promises. The surah again exposes them:
And of them is he who made a covenant with Allah (saying): If He give us of His bounty we will give alms and become of the righteous. (75) Yet when He gave them of His bounty, they hoarded it and turned away, averse; (76) So He hath made the consequence (to be) hypocrisy in their hearts until the day when they shall meet Him, because they broke their word to Allah that they promised Him, and because they lied. (77)
And so it became inevitable that the Muslim society should be protected against hypocrites. They were becoming too cynical and unfairly critical of those good and sincere Muslims who were trying to do their best for Islam and the Muslims. This was threatening to undermine the unity and welfare if the whole community:
Those who point at such of the believers as give the alms willingly and such as can find naught to give but their endeavours, and deride them - Allah (Himself) derideth them. Theirs will be a painful doom. (79)
The hypocrites had been growing in power and in numbers.They had embarked on building a mosque of their own as an alternative to the mosque of the Prophet, where they could recruit supporters, hold meetings, and plan their campaigns. The surah again exposes these plans mercilessly:
And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars. (107)
This provided the Prophet with tangible proof of their evil intentions and their determination to sow division and discord in the heart of the Muslim community. However, the Muslims, led by the prophet himself, decided to demolish that alternative mosque in obedience to the Qur'an:
Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was founded on piety from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers. (108)
The surah continues relentlessly with its confrontation of the hypocrites to ensure that the Muslim community is free from their influence as from that of the idolaters. Eventually, the Muslims were ready to undertake the bigger and more important task of taking Islam out of Arabia and into the rest of the world, as "We sent thee not save as a mercy for the peoples. "( al-Anbiya: 107) as the Qur'an put it.
The surah then makes it clear to the Muslims that in order to carry out the great task, they will be required to make vital and substantial sacrifices. It says:
"Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs..."(111).
What does this solemn transaction entails? Why does the trade-off include such valuable possessions? The reward is obviously commensurate with the sacrifice being made. The enormity of the task ahead and the vehemence of the opposition with which Islam would be resisted and fought justified the high price.
If God's cause was to be upheld and defended, vital preparations needed to be made. God says:
"O ye who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are near to you, and let them find harshness in you, and know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him). "(123)
Who were those neighboring infidels against whom the Muslims were commanded to wage war? The overall drift of the surah indicates that they were the Byzantines. They had come from omperial Constantinople, sweeping across Anatolia and Syria, settling right on the edge of the Arabian peninsula. They were the masters of their time; their aims were to usurp, colonize, exploit, and dominate. They had no respect for the beliefs or lives of other nations, while their own beliefs were false and distorted.
The deal that emerge concerns the followers of Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad, whose part is to work for together the advancement and enforcement of God's messages and cause. The surah says:
Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph, (111).
Reflection and commentary by Imam Zia :-
Session 16 : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOR80bkTmeY&feature=relmfu
Session 17 : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RSzEyZXdEMM&feature=relmfu
Session 18 : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUQjfs03o10&feature=relmfu
The surah continues relentlessly with its confrontation of the hypocrites to ensure that the Muslim community is free from their influence as from that of the idolaters. Eventually, the Muslims were ready to undertake the bigger and more important task of taking Islam out of Arabia and into the rest of the world, as "We sent thee not save as a mercy for the peoples. "( al-Anbiya: 107) as the Qur'an put it.
The surah then makes it clear to the Muslims that in order to carry out the great task, they will be required to make vital and substantial sacrifices. It says:
"Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs..."(111).
What does this solemn transaction entails? Why does the trade-off include such valuable possessions? The reward is obviously commensurate with the sacrifice being made. The enormity of the task ahead and the vehemence of the opposition with which Islam would be resisted and fought justified the high price.
If God's cause was to be upheld and defended, vital preparations needed to be made. God says:
"O ye who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are near to you, and let them find harshness in you, and know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him). "(123)
Who were those neighboring infidels against whom the Muslims were commanded to wage war? The overall drift of the surah indicates that they were the Byzantines. They had come from omperial Constantinople, sweeping across Anatolia and Syria, settling right on the edge of the Arabian peninsula. They were the masters of their time; their aims were to usurp, colonize, exploit, and dominate. They had no respect for the beliefs or lives of other nations, while their own beliefs were false and distorted.
The deal that emerge concerns the followers of Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad, whose part is to work for together the advancement and enforcement of God's messages and cause. The surah says:
Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph, (111).
Reflection and commentary by Imam Zia :-
Session 16 : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOR80bkTmeY&feature=relmfu
Session 17 : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RSzEyZXdEMM&feature=relmfu
Session 18 : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUQjfs03o10&feature=relmfu
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